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TERMS OF USE AND DISCLAIMERS
By continuing to use this website or consulting offerings you agree to these statements.
Applied Kinesiology does not diagnose any conditions nor does it prescribe anything. AK, is a method where a practitioner uses their training in order to allow “you” to ascertain what your own unconscious mind and body already know. The practitioner assists you in listening to your own body, and allows you to determine whether a response was a yes or a no. If you disagree with this statement we advise that you seek another health care consultant such as functional medicine practitioners (relies exclusively on blood test results).
AK is utilized by many Naturopaths and Chiropractic Doctors however it is not accepted by mainstream physicians or the allopathic medical system, and is thus considered an Alternative health care modality.
Wise MindBody Healing offerings, services, practitioners, including but not limited to Ethan Wise do not diagnose, do not prescribe, do not label your conditions.
We do not heal you, nor do we treat or cure any disease. We facilitate and empower your body’s “own” innate intelligence and ability to heal. We enable “you” to communicate directly with “your own” body and unconscious mind so that you can gain clarity from your body and unconscious mind. This is done based on the theory of AK. This method of gaining personal insight is not accepted by the mainstream health care system or allopathic physicians (MDs & DOs), however is “preferred” by many Chiropractic and Naturopathic physicians who adhere to different philosophies than the allopathic model.
The methods listed on this website are considered Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) modalities.
HEALTH FREEDOM STATE DISCLAIMER
Use your own discretion, and know your legal rights under Minnesota law. Minnesota is a Health Freedom State, giving you options other than mainstream and allopathic medical care. Keep in mind however that all Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) practitioners, such as Naturopathic doctors, Chiropractic doctors, Acupuncturists, Herbalists, Nutritionists, Energy healers, etc are prohibited from diagnosing or prescribing.
Every CAM practitioner in Minnesota, must under the Minnesota statute provide you with, and ask you to sign, a Client Bill of Rights.
Learn about your rights: https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/?id=146A.11
FDA DISCLAIMER
The statements on this website have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. The products found within are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent diseases. Nothing on this website is intended to diagnose, treat or cure any physical or medical conditions. If you have a physical or medical condition, you should seek the advice of your medical professional immediately.
The Information found here should in no way to be construed as medical advice. If you have a health issue or seek a diagnosis consult your professional medical provider.
Ethan does not diagnose, treat or cure any disease. None of the statements on this site were evaluated by the FDA. Ethan should not be expected or asked to use any diagnosis terms, codes, references or designations.
Consult with your physician or healthcare professional before starting any diet, exercise or supplementation program, before taking any medication or nutritional supplement, or if you have or suspect you might have a health problem.
Every person is different, and the way you react to a particular product may be significantly different from the way other people react to such product.
WEBSITE
The materials comprising the WiseMindBodyHealing.com service (the “Website”) are provided by WiseMindBodyHealing.com as a service to its readers on an “as-is, as-available” basis for informational purposes only. WiseMindBodyHealing.com assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions in these materials. WiseMindBodyHealing.com makes no commitment to update the information contained herein. Further, WiseMindBodyHealing.com cannot edit, control, review for truth or accuracy, or screen for defamation or obscenity any content provided to the Website by a third party through postings, uploaded files, or any other form of communication, nor can the WiseMindBodyHealing.com ensure prompt removal of defamatory, obscene, inappropriate or unlawful content after transmission. Any such third party postings, files or other communications do not necessarily represent the opinions, beliefs, or positions of the WiseMindBodyHealing.com, its owner, employees or sponsors.
This website makes no, and expressly disclaims any, representations or warranties, express or implied, regarding the Website, including, without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. WiseMindBodyHealing.com makes no, and expressly disclaims any, warranties, express or implied, regarding the correctness, accuracy, completeness, timeliness, and reliability of the text, graphics, links to other sites and any other items accessed from or via this Website or the Internet, or that the services will be uninterrupted, error-free or free of viruses or other harmful components. Under no circumstances shall WiseMindBodyHealing.com, its owner, or any of their respective partners, officers, directors, employees, agents, associates or representatives be liable for any damages, whether direct, indirect, special or consequential damages for lost revenues, lost profits, or otherwise, arising from or in connection with this Website, the materials contained herein, or the Internet generally.
All materials contained in this Website are protected by copyright laws, and may not be reproduced, republished, distributed, transmitted, displayed, broadcast or otherwise exploited in any manner without the express prior written permission of WiseMindBodyHealing.com or the author, authors or sources of said materials.
Legal Terms and Conditions of Use, Continued
These Terms and Conditions of Use are made by and between you and Wise MindBody Healing , on behalf of itself and each of its direct and indirect subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “Wise MindBody Healing “, or “Wise MindBody Healing”, or “Ethan Wise”), and govern your use of the Wise MindBody Healing websites (the “Website”). The Website and related services are provided subject to your compliance with these Terms and Conditions. Please read the following information carefully: Your continued use of the Website indicates your agreement to be bound by these Terms and Conditions. By accessing, visiting, browsing, using, or attempting to interact with any part of the Website, including any services available through the Website, you agree that you have read, understand, and agree to be bound by these Terms and Conditions. If you do not agree to be bound by these Terms and Conditions, do not access or use any part of this Website.
Not Medical Advice.
The Website’s content and information is provided for general informational purposes only and is not medical advice. Nothing in the Website should be interpreted as a recommendation for a specific treatment plan, product, course of action, or medical or healthcare provider. Although Wise MindBody Healing strives to provide accurate and current information, Wise MindBody Healing makes no guarantees whatsoever as to the correctness or accuracy of the content on this Website. Wise MindBody Healing does not endorse any medical or professional service obtained through information provided on this Website or any links to this Website. Use of this Website does not replace medical consultations with a qualified health or medical professional to meet an individual’s health and medical needs. Please see a physician or health professional if you suspect you are ill.
Restrictions on Use.
Wise MindBody Healing ’s Website is for your personal and non-commercial use only. You may not use this Website for any other purpose, including any commercial purpose, without Wise MindBody Healing ’s express prior written consent. Any rights not expressly granted by these Terms and Conditions are reserved by Wise MindBody Healing . You may not use Wise MindBody Healing ’s Website in any manner that could disable, overburden, damage, or impair the Website or interfere with any other party’s use and enjoyment of the Website. Further, you may not obtain or attempt to obtain any materials, content, or information through any means not intentionally made available or provided for through the Website. As a condition of your use of Wise MindBody Healing ’s Website, you warrant to Wise MindBody Healing that you will not use the Website for any purpose that is unlawful or prohibited by these Terms and Conditions.
Links or Pointers to Other Sites.
This Website may contain links to other websites that are not operated or maintained by Wise MindBody Healing , and such links are accessed at the user’s own risk. Wise MindBody Healing does not endorse or accept any responsibility for the content or performance of such websites or your transactions with them, and Wise MindBody Healing makes no representations or warranties whatsoever about the content, completeness, safety, or accuracy of any other website you may access though this Website.
Disclaimer.
Wise MindBody Healing assumes no responsibility and disclaims all liability for how you use the information provided through this Website and any decision made or action taken in reliance upon the materials or content of the Website. You exercise your own judgment when using any service or selecting a physician through this Website or any site or service linked to this Website. Your use of the Wise MindBody Healing Website is at your own risk, and you assume total responsibility and risk for your use of this Website, any website-related services, and linked websites. THE CONTENT OF THIS WEBSITE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITH ALL FAULTS, AND WITHOUT REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. Wise MindBody Healing DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, AND NONINFRINGEMENT RELATED TO THE WEBSITE AND ITS CONTENT. Wise MindBody Healing MAKES NO WARRANTIES THAT USE OF THE CONTENT ON THIS WEBSITE WILL NOT INFRINGE THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS AND ASSUMES NO LIABILITY OR RESPONSIBILITY FOR ERRORS OR OMISSIONS IN SUCH CONTENT. FURTHER, Wise MindBody Healing DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS OR CONTENT CONTAINED IN THIS WEBSITE WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE, THAT DEFECTS WILL BE CORRECTED, OR THAT THIS WEBSITE OR THE SERVER THAT MAKES IT AVAILABLE ARE FREE OF VIRUSES OR OTHER HARMFUL COMPONENTS. YOU, AND NOT Wise MindBody Healing , ASSUME THE ENTIRE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR, OR CORRECTION IN THE EVENT OF ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE ARISING FROM THE USE OF THIS WEBSITE, ITS CONTENT, AND LINKS. Wise MindBody Healing DOES NOT ASSUME ANY RESPONSIBILITY OR RISK FOR YOUR USE OF THE INTERNET AND DOES NOT GUARANTEE OR WARRANT THAT FILES AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOADING FROM THE INTERNET WILL BE FREE OF VIRUSES, WORMS, TROJAN HORSES, OR OTHER CODE THAT MAY HAVE CONTAMINATING OR DESTRUCTIVE PROPERTIES. YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR IMPLEMENTING SUFFICIENT PROCEDURES AND CHECKPOINTS TO SATISFY YOUR PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCURACY AND SAFETY OF DATA INPUT AND OUTPUT AND FOR MAINTAINING A MEANS EXTERNAL TO THE WEBSITE FOR ANY RECONSTRUCTION OF LOST DATA.
Limitation of Liability; Release.
Wise MindBody Healing , its subsidiaries, affiliates, licensors, service providers, content providers, employees, agents, officers, and directors shall not be liable for any incidental, direct, indirect, punitive, actual, consequential, special, exemplary, or other damages, including loss of revenue or income, pain and suffering, emotional distress, or similar damages, arising out of or relating in any way to the Website, any Website-related services, content or information contained within the Website, and/or any hyperlinked websites, even if Wise MindBody Healing has been advised of the possibility of such damages. You hereby release and forever waive any and all claims you may have against Wise MindBody Healing , its subsidiaries, affiliates, licensors, service providers, content providers, employees, agents, officers, and directors (including but not limited to claims based upon the negligence of Wise MindBody Healing , its subsidiaries, affiliates, licensors, service providers, content providers, employees, agents, officers, and directors) for losses or damages you sustain in connection with your use of this Website and any links from such Website. Neither Wise MindBody Healing , nor any of its subsidiaries, affiliates, directors, officers or employees, nor any third party vendor will be liable or have any responsibility of any kind for any loss or damage that you incur in the event of any failure or interruption of the Website, or resulting from the act or omission of any other party involved in making the Website or the data contained therein available to you, or from any other cause relating to your access to or your inability to access the Website, whether or not the circumstances giving rise to such cause may have been within the control of Wise MindBody Healing or of any vendor providing software or services support.
Indemnity.
You agree to indemnify and hold Wise MindBody Healing , its subsidiaries, affiliates, licensors, content providers, service providers, employees, owners, agents, officers, directors, and contractors (the “Indemnified Parties”) harmless from and against all losses, expenses, damages and costs, including reasonable attorney’s fees, arising as a result of (a) any breach of these Terms and Conditions by you, including any use of the Website’s content other than as expressly authorized in these Terms and Conditions; and (b) any activity related to any account you create, including any negligent or wrongful conduct by you or any other person accessing your account. You agree that the Indemnified Parties will have no liability in connection with any such breach or unauthorized use, and you agree to indemnify any and all resulting loss, damages, judgments, awards, costs, expenses, and attorney’s fees of the Indemnified Parties in connection therewith. You will also indemnify and hold the Indemnified Parties harmless from and against any claims brought by third parties arising out of your use of any information accessed from this Website.
Third Party Rights.
The provisions of Sections 6 and 7 are for the benefit of Wise MindBody Healing ’s officers, directors, employees, agents, licensors, suppliers, and information providers. Each of these individuals or entities shall have the right to assert and enforce those provisions directly against you on its/his/her own behalf.
Proprietary Information.
All pages and content within this Website (the “Content”) are the property of Wise MindBody Healing , Copyright © 2017 Wise MindBody Healing A.K.A Wise MindBody Therapy PLC, Chisago Ciry, MN, USA. All rights reserved. The Content is the proprietary information of Wise MindBody Healing or the party that provided or licensed the Content to Wise MindBody Healing , whereby such providing party retains all right, title, and interest in the Content. The Content may not be copied, distributed, republished, uploaded, posted, modified, displayed, licensed, used to create derivative works, transmitted, or sold in any way, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of an authorized representative of Wise MindBody Healing , except that you may print a copy of the Content solely for your personal use. In doing so, you may not remove or alter, or cause to be removed or altered, any copyright, trademark, trade name, service mark, or any other proprietary notice or legend appearing on any of the Content. Trademarks, service marks, and logos appearing in this Website are the property of Wise MindBody Healing or the party that provided the trademarks, services marks, and logos to Wise MindBody Healing , and Wise MindBody Healing and any party that provided trademarks, service marks, and logos to Wise MindBody Healing retain all rights with respect to any of their respective trademarks, service marks, and logos appearing in this Website.
Third Party Copyright & Fair Use
Wise MindBody Healing respects the intellectual property rights of others. Wise MindBody Healing may, under appropriate circumstances and at its discretion, disable and/or terminate access to or use of the Services for those users who may be infringing the intellectual property rights of others. If you believe that your work has been copied in a manner that constitutes copyright infringement, please provide Wise MindBody Healing ‘s copyright agent, Ethan Wise, with the information specified below. Please note that this procedure is exclusively for notifying Wise MindBody Healing that your copyrighted material has been infringed.
An electronic or physical signature of the person authorized to act on behalf of the owner of the copyright interest;
A description of the copyrighted work that you claim has been infringed upon;
A description of where the material that you claim is infringing is located on the Wise MindBody Healing Websites;
Your address, telephone number, and e-mail address;
A statement by you that you have a good-faith belief that the disputed use is not authorized by the copyright owner, its agent, or the law;
A statement by you, made under penalty of perjury, that the above information in your notice is accurate and that you are the copyright owner or authorized to act on the copyright owner’s behalf.
Wise MindBody Healing ‘s Copyright Agent for notice of claims of copyright infringement can be reached using the contact information provided on this Website.
FAIR USE
This site may contain copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, spirituality, health, wellness, healing, self-knowing, education, debate, etc. We believe this constitutes a ‘fair use’ of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes.
For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond ‘fair use’, you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.
Fair Use
FAIR USE NOTICE. Many of the stories on this site contain copyrighted material whose use has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making this material available in its efforts to advance the understanding of environmental issues and sustainability, human rights, economic and political democracy, and issues of social justice. We believe this constitutes a ‘fair use’ of the copyrighted material as provided for in Section 107 of the US Copyright Law. If you wish to use such copyrighted material for purposes of your own that go beyond ‘fair use’…you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.
FAIR USE NOTICE. This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, politica, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, etc.. We believe this constitutes a ‘fair use’ of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond ‘fair use’, you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.
In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml
United States Code: Title 17, Section 107 http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/unframed/17/107.html
Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright. In determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is a fair use the factors to be considered shall include – (1) the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; (2) the nature of the copyrighted work; (3) the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and (4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made upon consideration of all the above factors.
United States Code: Title 17, Section 106 Chapter 1 – Subject Matter And Scope of Copyright http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/unframed/17/106.html
Subject to sections 107 through 120, the owner of copyright under this title has the exclusive rights to do and to authorize any of the following: (1) to reproduce the copyrighted work in copies or phonorecords; (2) to prepare derivative works based upon the copyrighted work; (3) to distribute copies or phonorecords of the copyrighted work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending; (4) in the case of literary, musical, dramatic, and choreographic works, pantomimes, and motion pictures and other audiovisual works, to perform the copyrighted work publicly; (5) in the case of literary, musical, dramatic, and choreographic works, pantomimes, and pictorial, graphic, or sculptural works, including the individual images of a motion picture or other audiovisual work, to display the copyrighted work publicly; and (6) in the case of sound recordings, to perform the copyrighted work publicly by means of a digital audio transmission.
FAIR USE NOTICE: This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a ‘fair use’ of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml
FAIR USE NOTICE. Many of the stories on this site contain copyrighted material whose use has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making this material available in its efforts to advance the understanding of environmental issues and sustainability, human rights, economic and political democracy, and issues of social justice. We believe this constitutes a ‘fair use’ of the copyrighted material as provided for in Section 107 of the US Copyright Law. If you wish to use such copyrighted material for purposes of your own that go beyond ‘fair use’…you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.
FAIR USE NOTICE. This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, politica, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, etc.. We believe this constitutes a ‘fair use’ of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond ‘fair use’, you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.
In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml
United States Code: Title 17, Section 107 http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/unframed/17/107.html
Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright. In determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is a fair use the factors to be considered shall include – (1) the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; (2) the nature of the copyrighted work; (3) the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and (4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made upon consideration of all the above factors.
United States Code: Title 17, Section 106 Chapter 1 – Subject Matter And Scope of Copyright http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/unframed/17/106.html
Subject to sections 107 through 120, the owner of copyright under this title has the exclusive rights to do and to authorize any of the following: (1) to reproduce the copyrighted work in copies or phonorecords; (2) to prepare derivative works based upon the copyrighted work; (3) to distribute copies or phonorecords of the copyrighted work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending; (4) in the case of literary, musical, dramatic, and choreographic works, pantomimes, and motion pictures and other audiovisual works, to perform the copyrighted work publicly; (5) in the case of literary, musical, dramatic, and choreographic works, pantomimes, and pictorial, graphic, or sculptural works, including the individual images of a motion picture or other audiovisual work, to display the copyrighted work publicly; and (6) in the case of sound recordings, to perform the copyrighted work publicly by means of a digital audio transmission.
Links to Our Site.
Third-party links to Wise MindBody Healing ’s Website do not necessarily reflect any official association or relationship with such third party.
Termination of Access.
Wise MindBody Healing reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to terminate your access to the Website and the related services or any portion thereof at any time, without notice.
Choice of Law and Venue.
These Terms and Conditions are entered into in the State of Minnesota and shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Minnesota, exclusive of conflict of law principles. Each party to these Terms and Conditions submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in Chisago County in the State of Minnesota, and waives any jurisdictional, venue, or inconvenient forum objections to such courts. You specifically consent to personal jurisdiction in Minnesota in connection with any dispute between you and Wise MindBody Healing arising out of these Terms and Conditions or pertaining to the subject matter hereof. In any action to enforce these Terms and Conditions, the prevailing party will be entitled to reasonable costs and attorney fees.
Entire Terms and Conditions.
These Terms and Conditions constitute the entire agreement between Wise MindBody Healing and you pertaining to the subject matter of these Terms and Conditions and supersede all prior or contemporaneous communications and proposals, whether electronic, oral or written between you and Wise MindBody Healing with respect to Wise MindBody Healing ’s Website. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any additional terms and conditions on this Website will govern the items to which they pertain.
Modifications.
Wise MindBody Healing reserves the right, from time to time, with or without notice to you, to make changes to these Terms and Conditions in Wise MindBody Healing ’s sole discretion. Such changes shall be effective immediately after posting the modified Terms and Conditions. You agree to review these Terms and Conditions periodically to ensure that you are aware of any modifications. Continued use of any part of this Website constitutes your acceptance of such changes. The most current version of these Terms and Conditions, which supersedes all previous versions, can be reviewed by clicking on the “Terms of Use” hyperlink located at the bottom of the opening page of the Website.
Hard Copy.
A printed version of these Terms and Conditions and of any notice given in electronic form shall be admissible in judicial or administrative proceedings based upon or relating to these Terms and Conditions to the same extent and subject to the same conditions as other business documents and records originally generated and maintained in printed form.
Waiver; Assignment.
Wise MindBody Healing ’s failure to insist upon or enforce strict performance of any provision of these Terms and Conditions shall not be construed as a waiver of any provision or right. Neither the course of conduct between the parties nor trade practice shall act to modify any provision of these Terms and Conditions. Wise MindBody Healing may assign its rights and duties under these Terms and Conditions to any party at any time without notice to you.
Severability.
If any part of these Terms and Conditions is unlawful, void or unenforceable, that part will be deemed severable and will not affect the validity and enforceability of any remaining provisions.
Your Representations.
You represent and warrant that you are at least eighteen (18) years of age and that you possess the legal right and ability to enter into these Terms and Conditions and to use the Website in accordance with these Terms and Conditions.
Effective Date: March 1, 2016